Što je pričuva? Kome se plaća i za što služi?

Većina ljudi koja živi u zgradama misli da se pričuva plaća upravitelju zgrade, no to uopće nije tako. Pričuva je zajednička i strogo namjenska imovina svih suvlasnika stambene zgrade i kao takvu je suvlasnici plaćaju sami sebi, odnosno na svoj račun (IBAN) otvoren isključivo za tu namjenu. Dakle, pričuva se ne plaća upravitelju, već je to zajednički doprinos suvlasnika zgrade koji ide na posebanračun (IBAN), a sredstva na tom računu su isključivo vlasništvo suvlasnika, dok je upravitelj ovlašten samo uz odluku suvlasnika i odobrenje predstavnika vršiti plaćanja za pojedine usluge/radove pružateljima tih usluga/radova.

Pričuva je dakle strogo namjenska, zajednička imovina suvlasnika zgrade, koja služi za pokriće svih troškova održavanja zajedničkih dijelova i uređaja zgrade.

Najčešći troškovi svake zgrade su:

  • Naknada upravitelju
  • Osiguranje zgrade
  • Naknada predstavniku suvlasnika
  • Čišćenje ulaza
  • Električna energija (stubišta, hodnici, liftovi i sl.)
  • Održavanje i servis dizala
  • Protupožarna zaštita (servisi, atesti i sl.)
  • Razne sanacije i popravci

Visina pričuve je u današnje vrijeme najveći problem urednog i funkcionalnog održavanja zgrade. Veliki broj zgrada i dalje ima minimalnu pričuvu iz 1997.g. od 1,54kn/m2 što je u 2021.g. u pravilu nedovoljno za normalno održavanje i upravljanje zgradom. Pričuva nije i ne bi trebala biti sama sebi svrhom, već je njena uloga omogućiti da se zajednički dijelovi i uređaji zgrade redovno i normalno održavaju te da se dio sredstava iz mjeseca u mjesec akumulira i tako služi ostalim potrebama održavanja zgrade i kontinuiranom poboljšanju njezine funkcionalnosti, osobito jer s vremenom svaka zgrada traži povećana ulaganja. S tim ciljem jako je bitno da se za zgradu jednom godišnje izradi godišnji program upravljanja, a što nije ništa drugo nego plan prihoda i rashoda kojim bi se obuhvatili i predvidivi troškovi većih zahvata u dužem razdoblju, kako bi se dobila jasnija slika kolika bi pričuva zaista trebala biti u zgradi. Bez toga se događa da suvlasnici redovno uplaćuju pričuvu, a da zgrada iz godine u godinu propada bez adekvatnog održavanja, jer je uplaćeni iznos dovoljan samo za podmirivanje redovnih mjesečnih troškova (naknada predstavniku, upravitelju, čišćenje, električna energija, servis dizala), dok za sanacije i poboljšice jednostavno nema dovoljno sredstva. Navedena situacija nakon 10.g.- 20.g.  dovodi do frustracija suvlasnika koji su plaćali uredno pričuvu, ali ta pričuva nije bila dovoljna za akumuliranje viška sredstava za manje ili veće sanacije koje su s godinama potrebne.

Kako smo već ranije napomenuli, pričuva zgrade je strogo namjenska imovina. Često se dogodi situacija da pojedini vlasnici stanova izjave: „uplaćujem pričuvu 20.g., nitko mi nikad nije ni stan obojao niti sam išta koristio“. Naravno da je ovakvo razmišljanje potpuno pogrešno jer pričuva služi za održavanje zajedničkih dijelova zgrade, a ne za održavanje posebnog dijela zgrade (stan, garaža, poslovni prostor). Dakle, uplaćena pričuva se koristi za bojanje zidova hodnika, stubišta, popravke i redovno održavanje dizala, plaćanje struje i sl., ali nikako za bojanje, renoviranje i popravke u stanovima, osim kad se popravak odnosi na štetu koja je nastala zbog zajedničkog dijela zgrade (npr. puknuće zajedničkih vodovodnih instalacija, prodor vlage kroz fasadu, krovnu terasu i sl.).

Slijedom svega navedenog smatramo da je jako važno da suvlasnici veću važnost pridaju vlastitim sredstvima pričuve i činjenici tko im je upravitelj i predstavnik zgrade, odnosno tko su osobe kojima su povjerili upravljanje svojom imovinom.

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